Avaliação clínica de reabilitação de maxilas atróficas com implantes zigomáticos pela técnica extra-sinusal
Reginaldo Mario Migliorança.
Tese
por
D762
2013.
45 f. : il.
Tese (Doutorado em Implantodontia) - Centro Pesquisa Odontologico São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas - SP.
A fixação zigomática foi desenvolvida inicialmente para a reabilitação de pacientes vítimas de traumas ou cirurgias ressectivas tumorais, em regiões onde existiam grandes perdas das estruturas maxilares. Posteriormente, foi indicada para o tratamento de desdentados totais com grandes atrofias ósseas...
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A fixação zigomática foi desenvolvida inicialmente para a reabilitação de pacientes vítimas de traumas ou cirurgias ressectivas tumorais, em regiões onde existiam grandes perdas das estruturas maxilares. Posteriormente, foi indicada para o tratamento de desdentados totais com grandes atrofias ósseas maxilares. O tratamento convencionalmente proposto a estes pacientes baseava-se em grandes reconstruções através de enxertos ósseos, com áreas doadoras extra-orais, o que acarretava em alto grau de morbidade e alto custo para o tratamento. As fixações zigomáticas surgiram como alternativa cirúrgica para estes pacientes com índices de sucesso similares aos implantes tradicionais. O protocolo original preconizava dois implantes zigomáticos posteriores associados a pelo menos dois implantes convencionais anteriores, unidos por sistema de barra rígida. Atualmente, existem três técnicas cirúrgicas para a instalação dos implantes zigomáticos: técnica original, técnica canaleta sinusal e técnica exteriorizada. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o sucesso das reabilitações orais com carregamento tardio e imediato da técnica exteriorizada de fixação zigomática em maxilas atróficas. Portanto foram realizados dois estudos clínicos, primeiro estudo retrospectivo e o segundo prospectivo, publicados nos periódicos InternationalJournal Oral MaxillofacialImplants e InternationalJournal Oral MaxillofacialSurgery. O primeiro estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar 150 implantes zigomáticos instalados pela técnica extra sinusal combinados com 286 implantes convencionais instalados na região anterior da maxila realizados entre 2003 e 2006. Dois implantes zigomáticos e dois implantes convencionais falharam. Entretanto todas as próteses obtiveram sucesso de 100%. Para o segundo estudo foram realizado uma avaliação prospectiva com oito anos de acompanhamento de implantes zigomáticos instalados com carregamento imediato pela técnica extra sinusal. Vinte e cinco pacientes com maxilas atróficas foram incluídos neste estudo, totalizando 40 implantes zigomáticos e 74 implantes convencionais. Após oito anos de acompanhamento clínico as taxas de sucesso para os implantes zigomáticos, convencionais e para as próteses foram 97.5%, 95.9% e 95.2%,respectivamente. Este estudo concluiu que as fixações zigomáticas com carga imediata ou tardia apresentam alta previsibilidade, desde que os critérios de planejamento sejam obedecidos, e que a técnica cirúrgica e a reabilitação protética sejam realizadas adequadamente; tal abordagem exige experiência cirúrgica e protética dos profissionais envolvidos, além de controle pós-operatório cuidadoso e regular dos pacientes.
Palavras-chave: Implante zigomático. Maxila atrófica. Titânio. Osseointegração. Edentulismo.
The zygomatic fixtures were initially developed for the rehabilitation of patients suffering from trauma orressective surgeries for the remotion of tumors in regions where there were large losses of maxillary structures. Later, it was indicated for the treatment of complete edentulism with considerable bone atrophy. The conventional treatment offered to these patients was based in large reconstructions using bone grafts, with extra-oral donor sites, which resuled in high morbidity and high treatment cost. The zygomatic fixtures were introduced as a surgical alternative for these patients, with success rates similar to traditional implants. The original protocol recommended two zygomatic implants associated with at least two conventional implants, joined by a rigid bar system. Currently, there are three surgical techniques for the installation of zygomatic implants: the conventional technique, the simplified technique or cleft sinus and the extra-sinus technique. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the success of oral rehabilitation with immediate and delayed loading of zygomatic fixation technique externalized in atrophic jaws. So were two clinical studies published in the journals International Journal Oral Maxillofacial Implants and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery International Journal. The first study aimed to evaluate 150 zygomatic implants installed by extrasinusal technique combined with 286 conventional implants installed in the anterior maxilla conducted between 2003 and 2006. Two zygomatic implants and implants convecionais two failed. However all devices were successful 100%. For the second study performed a retrospective evaluation with eight years of follow-zygomatic implants installed with immediate loading technique extrasinusal. Twenty-five patients with atrophic maxilla were included in this study, a total of 40 zygomatic implants and 74 conventional implants. After eight years of monitoring clinical success rates for zygomatic implants, and for the conventional prosthesis were 97.5%, 95.9% and 95.2%, respectively. This study concluded that the zygomatic fixtures show high predictability, since planning criteria are followed, and the surgical technique and the prosthetic rehabilitation are properly executed; this approach requires prosthetic and surgical experience of the professionals involved, and careful regular post-operative control of the patients.
Keywords: Zygomatic implant. Atrophic maxilla. Titanium. Osseointegration. Edentulism.
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Palavras-chave: Implante zigomático. Maxila atrófica. Titânio. Osseointegração. Edentulismo.
The zygomatic fixtures were initially developed for the rehabilitation of patients suffering from trauma orressective surgeries for the remotion of tumors in regions where there were large losses of maxillary structures. Later, it was indicated for the treatment of complete edentulism with considerable bone atrophy. The conventional treatment offered to these patients was based in large reconstructions using bone grafts, with extra-oral donor sites, which resuled in high morbidity and high treatment cost. The zygomatic fixtures were introduced as a surgical alternative for these patients, with success rates similar to traditional implants. The original protocol recommended two zygomatic implants associated with at least two conventional implants, joined by a rigid bar system. Currently, there are three surgical techniques for the installation of zygomatic implants: the conventional technique, the simplified technique or cleft sinus and the extra-sinus technique. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the success of oral rehabilitation with immediate and delayed loading of zygomatic fixation technique externalized in atrophic jaws. So were two clinical studies published in the journals International Journal Oral Maxillofacial Implants and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery International Journal. The first study aimed to evaluate 150 zygomatic implants installed by extrasinusal technique combined with 286 conventional implants installed in the anterior maxilla conducted between 2003 and 2006. Two zygomatic implants and implants convecionais two failed. However all devices were successful 100%. For the second study performed a retrospective evaluation with eight years of follow-zygomatic implants installed with immediate loading technique extrasinusal. Twenty-five patients with atrophic maxilla were included in this study, a total of 40 zygomatic implants and 74 conventional implants. After eight years of monitoring clinical success rates for zygomatic implants, and for the conventional prosthesis were 97.5%, 95.9% and 95.2%, respectively. This study concluded that the zygomatic fixtures show high predictability, since planning criteria are followed, and the surgical technique and the prosthetic rehabilitation are properly executed; this approach requires prosthetic and surgical experience of the professionals involved, and careful regular post-operative control of the patients.
Keywords: Zygomatic implant. Atrophic maxilla. Titanium. Osseointegration. Edentulism.
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Avaliação clínica de reabilitação de maxilas atróficas com implantes zigomáticos pela técnica extra-sinusal
Reginaldo Mario Migliorança.
Avaliação clínica de reabilitação de maxilas atróficas com implantes zigomáticos pela técnica extra-sinusal
Reginaldo Mario Migliorança.
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